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Syria

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At a glance
Capital
Damascus
Language
Arabic
Currency
Syrian pound (SYP)
Population
25,620,000
Continent
Asia
Subregion
Western Asia
When to go
Peak season
—
Best weather
Nov–Apr
Shoulder
May, Oct
Off season
Jun–Sep (rainy)
Cheapest
Late Apr–May

Let’s face it: You’re not traveling to Syria anytime soon. As of this writing (mid-2015), the country’s still fully embroiled in crisis—civil war, terrorism, mass population displacement—and any visitor faces monumental and mortal risks. Indeed, there aren’t many more dangerous places on the planet right now, and the lure of the country’s epic historical and cultural attractions doesn’t make a trip here any less ludicrous of a consideration.

Putting aside the ugly reality for the moment, let’s acknowledge the glories Syria has to offer the world. History here runs intoxicatingly deep: the early flowerings of civilization in the Fertile Crescent, the endless clashes between Western and Eastern empires, the momentous energy—and frequent conflict—spun from the intermix of great world religions deep in their mythic territory.

Thousands of years of Syrian history lie plain to see in fertile alluvial plains, sunbathed Mediterranean coast, and wind-scoured desert wastes. The stunning ruins of Palmyra and Apamea, the Byzantine Dead Cities, the Crusader castle of Krak des Chevaliers, the century-spanning monuments of old Aleppo and Damascus—Syria’s treasures of antiquity evoke a profound experience for any visitor. It’s one of the many tragedies of Syria’s current chaos that some of these sublime relics are under direct threat of destruction.

Sunni Arabs, Kurds, Armenians, Bedouins—the ethnic tapestry of Syria is complicated. And from traditional desert nomads to the cosmopolitan urbanites of Aleppo, Syrian society blends the old and the new as strikingly as anywhere in the Middle East.

Right now the focus in Syria must be on the well-being of its people and the effort toward peace. Tourism, alas, is mighty low on the priority list.

11 things not to miss.

  1. old city of Damascus
    Walk the old city of Damascus
    old city of Damascus, Syria
  2. Palmyra's columns when accessible
    See Palmyra's columns when accessible
    Palmyra's columns when accessible, Syria
  3. Buy laurel soap in Aleppo's old souq
    Buy laurel soap in Aleppo's old souq
    Buy laurel soap in Aleppo's old souq, Syria
  4. The Citadel of Aleppo
    Few castles can claim the ancient pedigree of Aleppo’s fortress, which unfortunately has taken a beating in the Syrian Civil War.
    The Citadel of Aleppo, Syria
  5. National Museum of Aleppo
    Precious artifacts from Syria’s incredible archaeological sites, such as Mari and Tell Ahmar, populate this long-running museum.
    National Museum of Aleppo, Syria
  6. Bosra
    Historical architecture spanning many eras—including a Roman theatre and bridges and the Al-Omari Mosque—attest to Bosra’s distinguished past.
    Bosra, Syria
  7. Krak des Chevaliers
    This Crusader fortress, dramatically poised on a flat-topped hill, is one of the most notable medieval-era castles anywhere.
    Krak des Chevaliers, Syria
  8. Palmyra
    Among the world’s greatest archaeological sites, this millennia-old city, home to stunning Classical ruins, was damaged by ISIL in 2015.
    Palmyra, Syria
  9. Apamea
    Established by the Seleucid Empire, this became a provincial Roman capital and includes astounding relics, including a huge Roman theater.
    Apamea, Syria
  10. Serjilla
    One of the best-known of Syria’s Byzantine Dead Cities, the stark Serjilla ruins date from the 5th century C.E.
    Serjilla, Syria
  11. Church of Saint Simeon Stylites
    A beautifully ruined Byzantine church from the late 400s marks this site, sometimes called the “Fortress of Simeon.”
    Church of Saint Simeon Stylites, Syria